In mid-latitudes, almost every raindrop that reaches the surface, starts as an ice particle in the cloud aloft. Ice microphysical processes are thus key for realistically forecasting the evolution of clouds and precipitation. Besides in-situ observations and laboratory experiments, remote sensing methods, such as modern cloud radars, provide a wealth of information about processes, such as aggregation, riming, and secondary ice production. This talk will provide a compact overview of the measurement principles and application examples of how we can use cloud radars in combination with modern modelling tools to improve our understanding of ice microphysical processes in clouds.

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(1) tbd (2) Idealized Urban Simulations in ICON-CLM (3) Interplay of orography, aerosol concentration and secondary ice formation in contrasting island environments (4) tbd

(1) tbd (2) Assessing the representation of tropical-extratropical teleconnections in machine learning (ML) and numerical weather prediction (NWP) models for improving the S2S forecast skill (3) Coupling MieAI with RTTOV: Enhancing Radiative Transfer Simulations with AI-Derived Aerosol Properties (4) tbd